Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (2024)

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4.91 from 10 votes

By Hank Shaw

January 31, 2013 | Updated June 06, 2022

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Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (2)

If you think fermented mushrooms sounds, well, unappetizing, think again. Walk with me a moment…

Every time I take a newcomer out mushroom hunting, we come across various quasi-edible mushrooms, notably members of the russula family. “Are these edible?” they ask. Well… the Russians eat ’em, I’ll say, usually salted and then pickled. Even the well-named “emetic” russula mushrooms can be rendered edible by this method, I’ll say.

“Well, are they good that way?” That’s when I hadto admit that um, well, actually I’d never done it.

Now I have. Turns out fermented mushrooms is a popular way to preserve them all over the Slavic world, but I’d always been a little leery of it for vague reasons, mostly having to do with fears of listeria or heat-volatile mycotoxins that salting won’t denature.

A little research turned up that there indeed have been several poisonings related to the Russian method of salting mushrooms. Even my colleague Sandor Katz in his mega-awesome book The Art of Fermentationhesitates when writing about lacto-fermented mushrooms.

Because so little research has been done on mushroom fermentation, I would recommend cautious experimentation.

Not exactly a ringing endorsem*nt from the usually enthusiastic Katz.

I knew about a Russian salted mushroom recipe before I read Katz’s book, and in fact he cites it: It’s from Anne Volokh’s The Art of Russian Cuisine. I started with that recipe.

But which mushrooms to use? I didn’t want to start with russulas. But I didn’t have to. As it happens, there is another mushroom that is prized for this method above all others: Lactarius deliciosus, the saffron milk cap.

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (3)

Mostly I find this mushroom after its aged to the point of nastiness. When they get old or are bruised, this mushroom stains puke green. Blech. But fresh and young, they are a sunny, welcoming orange with pretty concentric rings on their caps. Eaten like a regular store-bought mushroom, however, saffron milk caps are pretty disappointing: They are grainy and not terribly flavorful. Maybe they’d improve once salted down?

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (4)

So one day, after I came home with a pound or so of pretty milk caps, I made Volokh’s recipe. You basically salt down the mushrooms with garlic and other spices, then put a plate over them and weigh it down. Doing this squashes the mushrooms and that, combined with the salt, pulls out their water and forms a brine. They then ferment for a week or two before you eat them.

I did this, but the first thing I noticed was that the mushrooms turned a dingy brown.

I was still pretty leery of them, so just to be sure I boiled some brine and poured the boiling brine over the mushrooms. There they sat in my fridge uneaten. A few days later, I bought another book, Polish Heritage Cookery. Paging through it, I noticed that it too had a salted mushroom recipe, grzyby kwaszone. Unlike the Russian version, this one requires you to boil the mushrooms for a few minutes first. Aha! This seemed far more sensible.

So I went out and got some more milk caps. This time, when I boiled them, their pretty orange color held! I fermented them in the same way as I did with the Russian ones, but once these were done they kept their color. I don’t know if it was the color or the boiling that made me want to eat these mushrooms, but I suddenly felt more at ease.

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (5)

Slavs typically eat their salted mushrooms with bread and vodka. I know, this must shock you, but really, they do drink vodka on occasion. So I got some good rye bread and poured myself a shot of vodka. Here goes…

Wow! While the grainy texture of a sautéed saffron milk cap is nasty, once salted and fermented, the texture become meaty and pleasant. You can definitely taste the garlic and juniper, but the mushrooms were salty. Really damn salty. Volokh says they are often soaked in fresh water for a few minutes before they’re eaten, and I see why.

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (6)

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (7)

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (8)

This recipe is definitely worth trying, especially if you combine the mushrooms with good dark bread and some beer, vodka or akavit.

Na zdrowie!

4.91 from 10 votes

Polish Fermented Mushrooms

I think it is pretty much impossible to buy Lactarius deliciosus, but the Russians and Poles also use porcini, honey mushrooms, chanterelles, russulas and, yes, regular button mushrooms. Not sure why, but most sources say to ferment only one variety of mushroom per batch. I pickle my mushrooms in a one-gallon stoneware crock, but you could use any non-reactive container. Store them in brine in a quart mason jar in the fridge for several months.

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Course: Appetizer

Cuisine: Polish

Servings: 10

Author: Hank Shaw

Prep Time: 15 minutes minutes

Cook Time: 5 minutes minutes

Total Time: 20 minutes minutes

Ingredients

  • 3 to 4 pounds fresh mushrooms, cleaned and stems removed
  • Kosher or pickling salt
  • 6 to 10 juniper berries, crushed (optional)
  • 1 teaspoon dried dill, or 2 tablespoons fresh
  • 1 teaspoon caraway seed
  • 2 teaspoons cracked black pepper
  • 2 garlic cloves smashed

Instructions

  • Boil the mushrooms in salted water for 5 minutes. Drain and let them cool in one layer on a paper towel or tea towel.

  • Mix all the herbs and spices in a small bowl. Lay down a thin layer of pickling or kosher salt at the bottom of a crock or other non-reactive container, then lay down a layer of mushrooms. Sprinkle with some of the herbs and spices. Add a bit more salt. Keep layering like this until you have all the mushrooms in the crock. Finish with another layer of salt.

  • Place a clean plate or other top on the mushrooms and weigh it down. I use a quart Mason jar filled with water. Let this sit in a cool, dark place (no need to refrigerate) for 4 days. After the first day, check to see that the mushrooms are submerged in their own brine. If not, boil 1 pint of water with 2 tablespoons kosher salt and let it cool. Pour over the mushrooms and continue fermenting.

  • After 4 days, move the mushrooms and brine and spices to clean Mason jars and refrigerate. They will keep for several months.

Notes

Note that prep time does not include fermenting time.

Nutrition

Calories: 33kcal | Carbohydrates: 6g | Protein: 4g | Fat: 1g | Saturated Fat: 1g | Sodium: 8mg | Potassium: 615mg | Fiber: 1g | Sugar: 2g | Vitamin C: 1mg | Calcium: 29mg | Iron: 1mg

Nutrition information is automatically calculated, so should only be used as an approximation.

Tried this recipe? Tag me today!Mention @huntgathercook or tag #hankshaw!

Categorized as:
Appetizers and Snacks, Eastern European, Featured, Foraging, Mushrooms, Preservation Recipes, Recipe

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About Hank Shaw

Hey there. Welcome to Hunter Angler Gardener Cook, the internet’s largest source of recipes and know-how for wild foods. I am a chef, author, and yes, hunter, angler, gardener, forager and cook. Follow me on Instagram and on Facebook.

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Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (2024)

FAQs

How do you preserve mushrooms in salt? ›

Quickly blanch prepared mushrooms and allow to cool. Combine mushrooms and salt in a bowl at a ratio of 100g salt to 600g cooked mushrooms. Stir to combine. Transfer mushrooms and salt to glass jars, pack tightly, and store until needed in a cool, dark place.

How do you ferment mushrooms? ›

Put the mushrooms into a vacuum bag or if you have fermentation weights you can use a jar. You can also use a ziploc bag and squeeze out the air. Seal up the bag/jar and let it sit for a week or 10 days. It's fine on the counter but if you've made a fermentation chamber then put it in there set for 80F.

What happens if you ferment mushrooms? ›

Firstly, it's very easy to ferment mushrooms. In addition, the process increases many of the inherent nutritional and health benefits of the mushrooms. It causes a significant increase in protein content. A decrease in carbohydrates and fat.

What are the health benefits of pickled mushrooms? ›

Marinated mushrooms is full of vitamins and mineral. It contains high amounts of dietary fiber, iron, manganese, niacin, riboflavin. It has high amounts of vitamin A, B6 and C. Marinated mushrooms has no cholesterol.

How long to soak mushrooms in salt? ›

This step is intended to kill and remove the bugs from the mushrooms. There are no forest bugs that can survive under hot salt water for 4 minutes. If you soak them overnight, it damages the flavor of the mushrooms, adds too much salt water, and leaves them soggy. 4 minutes is all you need.

What are the three methods of mushroom preservation? ›

Mushrooms can be preserved by canning, freezing, drying and pickling. Caution: Because of density and texture differences, only domestically grown button mushrooms may be safely canned. Other varieties can be frozen or dried.

Can mushrooms be fermented into alcohol? ›

Abstract. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the main microorganism used in wine brewing, because this microbe has potent ability to produce alcohol dehydrogenase. We have recently discovered that some genera of mushroom produced alcohol dehydrogenase, and made wine by using a mushroom in place of S. cerevisiae.

Can I eat fermented mushrooms? ›

This suggests that mushroom mycelia can be used as food and nutritional supplements for their health benefits. Secondly, mushroom fermentation can produce bioactive metabolites, which have medicinal and nutraceutical properties.

Can you ferment wild mushrooms? ›

In closing, fermenting wild mushrooms is perfectly safe, natural, and is useful as it's a historical preservation method in the same family as sauerkraut and fermented grape leaves. (look to Eastern Europe and their salted mushrooms). The only tricky part is figuring out what to do with it that you and yours will eat.

How sick can bad mushrooms make you? ›

Wild mushrooms may contain di erent kinds of toxic substances like amatoxins, muscarine or gastrointestinal toxin which can cause abdominal pain, vomiting, convulsions or even death.

Can dried mushrooms be fermented? ›

The bigger picture: fermenting dried mushrooms will transform a vegetable based cuisine with the delightful taste of meatiness. Other dried mushrooms also work. Their flavor is concentrated and the lactic acid bacteria in the ferment preserves them for months in the refrigerator.

Can too much mushrooms make you sick? ›

The most frequent form of mushroom poisoning is caused by a wide variety of gastrointestinal irritants. The symptoms usually appear within 20 minutes to 4 hours of ingesting the mushrooms, and include nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea, which normally pass after the irritant had been expelled.

How long can pickled mushrooms last? ›

Keep pickled mushrooms in an airtight container or jar in the refrigerator for up to two weeks. Alternatively, you use a water bath to can your pickled mushrooms, then store them in a cool, dry spot indefinitely.

Do pickled mushrooms go bad? ›

To maximize the shelf life of marinated mushrooms, reseal the jar and place it in the refrigerator, ensuring that the original liquid (brine) covers the top of the remaining mushrooms. As for similarly pickled products, we expect the product's quality to last up to 45 days or longer when stored properly.

What is the best way to preserve mushrooms? ›

1. Refrigeration: Store fresh mushrooms in the refrigerator to slow down the deterioration process. Place them in a paper bag or a loosely covered container to allow air circulation and prevent moisture buildup. Avoid storing them in airtight plastic bags as it can cause them to become slimy.

How do you keep mushrooms fresh for a long time? ›

The secret to mushroom storage is that they stay fresh longer if you take them out of their container. Wrap them in paper towels placed in open plastic bags (paper bags are even better) and keep them in the fridge. Watch our how-to video for more.

How do you preserve mushrooms long term? ›

Keeping them in the dry, cool fridge is the best way to prolong their life, along with avoiding water (aka washing them) until the last possible second. A paper bag or paper towel-lined zip-top plastic bag will absorb the moisture mushrooms naturally release, preventing them from getting slimy.

What does salt do to mushroom? ›

Should I salt the mushrooms before cooking them? Never salt the mushrooms before cooking. Salt draws out moisture and will therefore make them extremely mushy. We want a nice meaty delicious bite to them with color and texture, so salt at the end always.

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